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• 101.

  What happens if the throttle body is not calibrated?

  If the throttle body is not calibrated correctly, it can cause several problems that affect engine performance and drivability. Here are some potential consequences:
  ① Poor engine performance: An incorrectly calibrated throttle body can result in an incorrect air-fuel mixture being delivered to the engine cylinders. This can cause poor engine performance, including rough idling, misfires, and reduced power output.
  ② Unstable throttle response: A poorly calibrated throttle body may cause unstable throttle response, resulting in hesitation or fluctuations when accelerating. This will make it difficult to control the vehicle speed smoothly.
  ③ Stalling: Improper calibration may disrupt the engine's idle speed control, possibly causing the vehicle to stall when stationary or stopped.
  ④ Reduced fuel efficiency: Improper throttle calibration can lead to inefficient fuel combustion, resulting in reduced fuel efficiency and increased fuel consumption.
  ⑤ Check Engine Light: In some cases, a poorly calibrated throttle body can trigger the onboard diagnostic system to illuminate the Check Engine Light. This may be accompanied by diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) related to throttle position or airflow differences.
  ⑥ Transmission Problems: On vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions, a poorly calibrated throttle body can affect shift points and transmission operation, causing jerky or delayed shifts.
  ⑦ Increased emissions: Improper air-fuel mixture delivery may result in increased emissions of pollutants such as hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which may cause the vehicle to fail emissions tests.
  
  During installation or after any maintenance or repair work involving the throttle system, it is critical to ensure that the throttle body is properly calibrated. This usually involves following the manufacturer's specifications and using diagnostic tools to verify proper operation. If you suspect there is a problem with your vehicle's throttle body calibration, it is recommended that a qualified mechanic inspect and adjust it to prevent potential performance issues.
  
• 102.

  What are the symptoms of a bad throttle position sensor?

  A malfunctioning throttle position sensor (TPS) can cause a variety of symptoms, including:
  ① Poor acceleration: If the TPS is not working properly, it may not accurately transmit throttle position information to the engine control unit (ECU), resulting in slow or uneven acceleration.
  ② Surge or stall: Incorrect throttle position readings due to TPS failure may cause engine speed fluctuations, such as surge or stalling when idling or accelerating.
  ③ Difficulty shifting: Automatic transmission vehicles may experience difficulty shifting smoothly because the ECU relies on precise throttle position data to manage gear shifts.
  ④ Check Engine Light: A TPS failure will trigger the vehicle's onboard diagnostic system, causing the Check Engine Light to illuminate. TPS-related diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), such as P0121 (TPS "A" circuit range/performance issue), may be stored in the ECU's memory.
  ⑤ Poor fuel economy: Incorrect throttle position readings can lead to improper fuel delivery, resulting in reduced fuel efficiency.
  ⑥ The idle speed is too high or too low: Due to inaccurate throttle position information, the engine idle speed may be higher or lower than usual.
  ⑦ Throttle response is too fast or delayed: TPS failure can cause the throttle response to be delayed or too fast, making it difficult to control the vehicle speed smoothly.
  If you suspect your vehicle has a problem with its throttle position sensor, it is imperative that you have it diagnosed and repaired by a qualified mechanic to prevent further damage and ensure proper engine performance.
  
• 103.

  Can I use distilled water instead of AdBlue?

  No, distilled water cannot replace AdBlue (diesel exhaust fluid, DEF). AdBlue is a special solution consisting of approximately 32.5% urea and 67.5% deionized water. It is designed for vehicles equipped with a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel engines.
  The urea in AdBlue reacts chemically with harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gases, converting them into harmless nitrogen and water vapor. This process is essential to comply with emissions regulations and maintain proper vehicle performance. Using distilled water instead of AdBlue will not provide the necessary urea component required for the SCR system to operate effectively. Without AdBlue, the SCR system will not be able to effectively reduce NOx emissions, which could result in non-compliance with emissions regulations, reduced engine performance and increased environmental pollution.
  It is essential to use AdBlue which meets the specifications set by the vehicle manufacturer to ensure the SCR system functions properly and complies with emissions regulations. Using any other fluid (including distilled water) in place of AdBlue can cause serious damage to the emissions system and may void your warranty or result in expensive repairs.
  
• 104.

  Can a steering angle sensor cause transmission problems?

  Although the steering angle sensor (SAS) primarily provides input to the stability control system and does not directly control the transmission, a faulty SAS can indirectly cause problems that affect transmission performance. This can be caused by:
  ① Indirect impact on vehicle dynamics: SAS failure can cause the stability control system to operate unstable or inaccurately. This can result in unexpected traction control intervention or incorrect torque vectoring, which can feel like a transmission problem, such as hard shifts or hesitation.
  ② Incorrect input from the transmission control module (TCM): Some modern vehicles use data from various sensors, including the SAS, to inform the transmission control. If the SAS sends an erroneous signal due to a fault, the TCM may misinterpret the data, causing the transmission to behave inappropriately.
  ③ Loss of vehicle stability: If SAS provides incorrect data to the stability control system, it will cause the vehicle to become less stable during maneuvers. This instability may feel like a transmission problem due to changes in vehicle behavior, such as sudden jolts or gear changes.
  ④ Electrical Interference: In rare cases, electrical problems within the vehicle's wiring harness or electronic control module may cause interference between sensors. While SAS itself may not directly cause transmission problems, it can be part of a wider electrical problem affecting various vehicle systems, including transmission.
  
  While SAS failure is not a common cause of transmission problems, it is critical to promptly diagnose and resolve any sensor issues. Ignoring sensor failures can lead to further complications and potential safety hazards. If you are experiencing transmission issues and SAS-related symptoms, it is recommended to have the vehicle inspected by a qualified mechanic who can perform a full diagnosis to determine the root cause of the problem.
  
• 105.

  What are the symptoms of a bad steering angle sensor?

  A malfunctioning or failing steering angle sensor (SAS) can present with a variety of symptoms, which can vary depending on the severity of the problem and the specific vehicle system. Some common symptoms of a malfunctioning steering angle sensor include:
  ① Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Illuminates: One of the most common signs of a problem with the steering angle sensor is the illumination of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) or ABS warning light on the vehicle's dashboard. This indicates that the vehicle's onboard diagnostics system has detected a fault related to the steering angle sensor or its related systems.
  ② Loss of stability control: Because the steering angle sensor provides critical data to the vehicle's electronic stability control (ESC) system, a sensor failure could result in a loss of stability control. This could result in reduced stability when turning or making sudden maneuvers, which could increase the risk of loss of control.
  ③ Abnormal behavior of safety systems: A faulty steering angle sensor can cause other safety systems that rely on its data to behave abnormally, such as traction control, lane departure warning, and adaptive headlights. These systems may not function properly or intervene unnecessarily due to incorrect steering angle readings.
  ④ Steering wheel eccentricity: A faulty steering angle sensor may cause the steering wheel to be eccentric, even when the vehicle is traveling in a straight line. This misalignment can affect the vehicle's handling and may require constant correction by the driver.
  ⑤ Incorrect traction control activation: If the steering angle sensor provides inaccurate data to the traction control system, it may cause incorrect traction control activation, especially under normal driving conditions. This will cause the traction control system to intervene unnecessarily and may affect vehicle performance.
  ⑥ Steering difficulty: When the steering angle sensor fails seriously, it may affect the vehicle's power steering assistance, causing steering difficulty, especially when driving at low speeds or making sharp turns.
  ⑦ ABS System Activation: Under normal driving conditions, a faulty steering angle sensor can also trigger the activation of the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), resulting in pulsating brake pedal feedback and potential loss of braking effect.
  If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if there is also a warning light on your dashboard, be sure to have your vehicle checked by a qualified mechanic or technician so the problem can be diagnosed and resolved promptly. Ignoring a problem with your steering angle sensor could compromise your vehicle's safety and performance.